A thick, warm, light, windproof and relatively waterproof woollen fabric with a short pile, made by shrinking a loosely woven cloth: this creates a dense, felt-like fabric which is now a standard coat fabric. It was originally made in Austria, for 16thC Tyrolean monks and peasants, from the coarse oily fleeces of local mountain sheep and dyed in a characteristic dark bluish-green colour–which has given us the eponymous Loden colour.
Loden offcuts made into simple flat cushion pads for this bench are hardly distinguishable from the ancient doors behind.
Image from Calluna : Cushions – Heather Luke